Papers and articles available on the web will not be handed out in class. Pointers to the online versions of papers are included by the reference. You are expected to download and print these papers yourselves. One reason for doing this is that many graphics papers contain pictures that do not reproduce well when copied. The ACM and IEEE Digital Libraries are now available online for Stanford students. They are a great resource: learn to use them.
Readings not available online will be handed out in class. They will also be available in the CS348B course handout cabinet in Gates Rm 377 (the copy room in the graphics wing 3B).
Hint: Reading the material before class will make the lectures much more understandable!
J. Dorsey, P. Hanrahan, Digital materials and virtual weathering, Scientific American, Feb 2000, (html).
D. Greenberg, A framework for realistic image synthesis, CACM 42(8), pp. 44-53, Aug. 1999. (pdf)
Louis K. Meisel Gallery (Photorealist paintings).
Optional
D. Greenberg, K. Torrance, P. Shirley, J. Arvo, J. A. Ferwerda, S. pattanaik, E. P. F. Lafortune, B. Walter, S. Foo, B. Trimbone, A framework for realistic rendering, Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 97 (Los Angelos, CA, August 3-9, 1997). In Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, 1997, ACM SIGGRAPH, pp. 477-494. (pdf)
Longer, more detailed and technical version of the CACM article.
A. Appel, Some techniques for the machine rendering of solids, Proc. of the Spring Joint Computer Conference, pp. 37-45, 1968.
R. A. Goldstein, R. Nagel, 3-D visual simulation, Simulation, 16(1), pp. 25-31, Jan. 1971.
T. Whitted, A improved illumination model for shaded display, CACM, 23(6), pp. 343-349, June 1980.
M. Pharr, G. Humphreys, A Literate Ray Tracer, Chapters 1-3.
You've been ray tracing too long if ...
Optional
E. Haines, Essential ray tracing algorithms, In Glassner, An Introduction to Ray Tracing, pp. 33-78.
P. Hanrahan, A survey of ray-surface intersection algorithms, In Glassner, An Introduction to Ray Tracing, pp. 79-120.
T. Moller, B. Trumbore, Fast, minimum storage ray-triangle intersection, Journal of Graphics Tools, 2(1), pp. 21-28, 1997. (ps.gz).
Detailed explanation of a very fast ray-triangle intersection algorithm.
P. Hanrahan, Ray-triangle and ray-quadrilateral intersection in homogeneous coordinates, unpublished manuscript. (pdf)
An old technical note that I wrote in 1989 that describes how to do ray-triangle intersections using Plucker coordinates.
J. Arvo, D. Kirk, A survey of ray tracing acceleration structures, In Glassner, An Introduction to Ray Tracing, pp. 201-262.
M. Pharr, G. Humphreys, A Literate Ray Tracer, Chapter 4.
Optional
J. Arvo, Ray tracing with meta-hierarchies, In SIGGRAPH 90 Advanced Topics in Ray Tracing Course Notes, 1990. (ps)
The Best Efficiency Scheme Homepage.
Comparison of many common acceleration data structures, including grids, hierarchical grids, adaptive grids, k-d trees, and oct-trees. A technical paper describing their results is available from this page.
P. Hanrahan, Rendering concepts, In Cohen and Wallace, Radiosity and Realistic Image Synthesis, pp. 13-40.
Optional
R. Barzel, Lighting controls for computer cinematography, Journal of Graphics Tools, 2(1), pp. 1-20, 1997. (jgt html, pdf)
Describes the PIXAR uberlight shader, as well as issues in controlling lighting in motion picture production.
J. Palmer, Radiometry and Photometry FAQ
References
R. McCluney, Introduction to Radiometry and Photometry, Artech House, Norword, MA, 1994.
Modern treatment of radiometry
P. Bouguer, Optical Treatise on The Gradation of Light, Translated with an introduction and notes by W. Middleton, University of Toronto Press, 1961.
J. H. Lambert, Photometry, Translated with an introductory monograph and notes by D. DiLaura, Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 2001.
These last two famous books were written in 1760. Many of the current ideas about radiometry and photometry can be traced to Bouguer and Lambert. Lambert is famous for Lambert's Law; he also developed a formula for the irradiance due to a polygonal source. Bouguer is famous for introducing the idea of estimating radiant intensity using the relative distance between a light source and a standard candle.
No readings
Chapter 2, Fundamentals of Monte Carlo Integration, State of the Art in Monte Carlo Ray Tracing for Realistic Synthesis, SIGGRAPH Course 29, 2001. (pdf)
Chapter 3, Direct Lighting via Monte Carlo Integration, State of the Art in Monte Carlo Ray Tracing for Realistic Synthesis, SIGGRAPH Course 29, 2001. (pdf)
Optional
E. Veach, Introduction to Monte Carlo Integration, CS448 Lecture 6 Notes, 1997. (ps)
E. Veach, Sampling Random Variables, CS448 Lecture 7 Notes, 1997. (ps)
Eric Veach gave a mini-course on advanced methods in Monte Carlo Ray Tracing in this 1997 Special Topics Course in Computer Graphics. These two lectures, 6 and 7, cover material presented in class.
P. Shirley, Realistic ray tracing, Chapter 11: Monte Carlo Integration, Chapter 12 Choosing sample points, and Chapter 15 Soft Shadows.
These chapters cover the material presented in lectures. These chapters are highly recommended.
C. Kolb, D. Mitchell, P. Hanrahan, A realistic camera model for computer graphics, Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 95 (Los Angelos, CA, August 6-11, 1995), In Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, 1995, ACM SIGGRAPH, pp. 317-324. (paper).
B. London and J. Upton, Photography, Fifth Edition, HarperCollins College Publishers, 1994.
A easy-to-read, extremely well-illustrated introduction to photography. Widely used in introductory photography courses.
R. Kingslake, Optics in Photography, SPIE Optical Engineering Press, 1992.
A book on the science of photography aimed at the advanced amateur photographer who wishes to understand more about their equipment. Kingslake was Director of Optical Design for Eastman Kodak Company.
D. Mitchell, Generating antialiased images at low sampling densities, Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 87, Computer Graphics 21(3), pp. 65-72, 1987. (acm)
D. Mitchell, A. Netravali, Reconstruction filters for computer graphics, Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 88, Computer Graphics 22(4), pp. 221-228, 1988. (pdf)
High quality versions of the figures
Optional
P. Hanrahan, Notes on signal processing for computer graphics, (unpublished manuscript). (pdf)
I will review this material during the first part of my lecture.
R. Cook, Stochastic sampling and distributed ray tracing, In Glassner, An Introduction to Ray Tracing, pp. 161-199.
A variation of the Cook TOG paper.
M. Dippe, E. Wold, Antialiasing through stochastic sampling, Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 85, Computer Graphics 19(3), pp. 69-78, 1985. (acm)
A more rigorous discussion of jittered sampling.
T. Duff, Polygon scan conversion by exact convolution, Proceedings International Conference on Raster Imaging and Digital Typography, pp. 151-168, Cambridge University Press, Oct 1989.
Describes an analytical algorithm for convolving polygonal regions with polynomial filters. Nice comparison with uniform and nonuniform supersampling techniques.
M. Lee, R. Redner, S. Uselton, Statistically optimized sampling for distributed ray tracing, Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 85, Computer Graphics 19(3), pp. 61-68, 1985. (acm)
Describes the sequential sampling point of view.
Cook, Carpenter, Porter, Distributed ray tracing. Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 84, Computer Graphics, 1984. (acm pdf)
D. Mitchell, Spectrally optimal sampling for distribution ray tracing, Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 91, Computer Graphics 25(4), pp. 157-164, 1991. (acm)
Optional
Chapter 4, Stratified Sampling on 2-manifolds, State of the Art in Monte Carlo Ray Tracing for Realistic Synthesis, SIGGRAPH Course 29, 2001. (pdf)
A very elegant, but advanced, discussion of uniform area sampling on arbitrary surfaces. Covers methods for stratified sampling.
E. Veach, Variance Reduction I, CS448 Lecture 8 Notes, 1997. (ps)
E. Veach, Variance Reduction II, CS448 Lecture 9 Notes, 1997. (ps)
E. Veach, Quasi-Monte Carlo, CS448 Lecture 10 Notes, 1997. (ps)
P. Hanrahan, Rendering concepts, In Cohen and Wallace, Radiosity and Realistic Image Synthesis, pp. 13-40.
Read Section 2.5 now.
S. Westin, Examples of Fresnel Reflectance.
J. Blinn, Models of light reflection for computer synthesized pictures, SIGGRAPH 77, pp. 192-198.
Optional
K. Torrance and E. Sparrow, Theory for the off-specular reflection from roughened surfaces, J. of the Optical Society of America, Vol 57, No 9, pp. 1105-1144.
R. Cook and K. Torrance, A reflectance model for computer graphics, SIGGRAPH 81, pp. 307-316, 1981. (acm)
J. Kajiya and T. Kay, Rendering fur with three dimensional textures, Computer Graphics, 23(3) pp. 271-280, 1989. (acm)
R. Lu, J. Koenderink, A. Kappers, Specularities on surfaces with tangential hairs or grooves, IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 2-7, 1999. (pdf)
E. Veach, Multiple Importance Sampling, Chapter 9, PhD Thesis. (pdf)
M. Levoy, Display of surfaces from volume data, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, Vol. 8, No. 3, May, 1988, pp. 29-37. (ieee)
N. Max, Optical models for direct volume rendering, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 1(2), June 1995, pp. 97 - 108. (pdf)
K. Perlin, E. Hoffert, Hypertexture, Computer Graphics (Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH Conference), 23(3), pp. 253-262, (acm)
Hypertexture page
Optional
J. Kajiya and B. Von Herzen, Ray tracing volume densities, Computer Graphics, 18(3), July 1984, pp. 165-174. (acm)
R. Drebin, L. Carpenter, P. Hanrahan, Volume rendering, Computer Graphics, 18(3), July 1984, pp. 65-74. (acm)
P. Hanrahan, Rendering concepts, In Cohen and Wallace, Radiosity and Realistic Image Synthesis, pp. 13-40.
Read Section 2.6 now.
J. Kajiya, The rendering equation, Computer Graphics, 17(3), pp. 143-150, 1986. (acm)
P. Hanrahan, Solving the rendering equation, SIGGRAPH 2001 Course 29: Monte Carlo Ray Tracing. (pdf)
M. Fajardo, Monte Carlo ray tracing in action, SIGGRAPH 2001 Course 29: Monte Carlo Ray Tracing. (pdf)
Slides giving an overview of Arnold, his nice path tracer.
Cook, Carpenter, Porter, Distributed ray tracing. Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 84, Computer Graphics, 1984. (acm pdf)
I assigned this paper earlier, but you may want to look at it again.
Optional
J. Arvo,
Backward ray tracing,
In Developments in Ray Tracing,
SIGGRAPH `86 Course Notes, August 1986.
(ps)
E. LaFortune, Y. Willems,
Bi-directional path tracing,
Proceedings of Compugraphics '93, Alvor, Portugal (December '93), pp. 145-153.
(ps.gz)
E. Veach, L. Guibas,
Bidirectional estimators for light transport,
Eurographics Rendering Workshop 1994 Proceedings
(Darmstadt, Germany, June 1994), pp. 147-162.
(url)
H. Rushmeier and G. Ward,
Energy preserving non-linear filters,
SIGGRAPH '94, pp. 131-138, 1994.
(
Paper Page)
G. Ward, F. Rubinstein and R. Clear,
A ray tracing solution for diffuse interreflection,
SIGGRAPH '88, pp. 85-92, 1988.
(
Paper Page)
H. W. Jensen, Global illumination using photon maps,
In Rendering Techniques '96, pp. 21-30, 1996.
(
Paper Page)
Optional
Henrik Wann Jensen,
Realistic Image Synthesis Using Photon Mapping
A. K. Peters, 2001.
Anthony Apodaca and Larry Gritz,
Advanced Renderman: Creating CGI for the Motion Pictures,
Morgan Kaufmann, 1999.
Michael Cohen and John Wallace,
Radiosity and Realistic Image Synthesis,
Academic Press.
David Ebert, F. Kenton Musgrave, Darwyn Peachey, Steven Worley, Ken Perlin,
Texturing and Modeling,
Second edition, Morgan Kaufmann, 1998.
James Foley, Andy van Dam, Steven Feiner, and John Hughes,<
Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice,
Second edition in C, Addison-Wesley.
Andrew Glassner,
An Introduction to Ray Tracing,
Academic Press.
Henrik Wann Jensen,
Realistic Image Synthesis Using Photon Mapping
A. K. Peters, 2001.
Francois Sillion, Claude Puech,
Radiosity and Global Illumination,
Morgan-Kaufman, 1994.
Peter Shirley,
Realistic Ray Tracing,
A. K. Peters, 2001.
Steve Upstill,
The RenderMan Companion: A Programmers Guide to Realistic
Computer Graphics,
Addison-Wesley, 1989.
Copyright © 2002 Pat Hanrahan
See also Veach and Guibas's paper on
multiple
importance sampling.
May 23 Irradiance Caching and Photons Maps
Texts
There is no required text for the course. However, the following books
will be placed on reserve in the CS library.